Saturday, December 18, 2010

辉瑞引爆类风湿性关节炎市场

  为了与其它3家竞争对手一争高低,全球最大的制药企业辉瑞公司将率先推出10年来第一只用于治疗类风湿性关节炎的新药。类风湿性关节炎注射药物的年销售额达到120亿美元。

  

  销售峰值将达20亿  

  根据辉瑞公布的消息,名为tasocitinib的这种片剂可抑制炎症,并阻止疾病的恶化。如果在美国风湿病学会上公布的有关研究表明,tasocitinib也是用来治疗类风湿性关节炎的一种安全选择,那么辉瑞或许在与强生、雅培和安进销售的注射性药物的竞争中胜出。

  在用来对付蛋白质JAK的众多实验性药物中,tasocitinib是研发进展最快的新药。JAK令130万患类风湿性关节炎的美国人关节毁损。辉瑞率先针对JAK开展后期试验工作,这是辉瑞计划在明年底前要完成的6项研究中的一项。

  市场人士分析,tasocitinib的年销售峰值将达20亿美元。Tasocitinib的主要价值在于,它是推向市场的第一只新颖口服药物,目前已有的是注射性产品,用于治疗类风湿性关节炎的年销售总额大约为120亿美元。

  辉瑞对tasocitinib抱有很大期望,它希望该药产生的收入将弥补降胆固醇药物立普妥失去专利保护所造成的销售损失。去年,辉瑞以680亿美元的价格收购惠氏,一举获得了关节炎治疗药物Enbrel。第三季度,该消炎药为辉瑞带来7.99亿美元的收入,占辉瑞当季销售额的5%。

  

  争相开发JAK药物  

  3家生物科技公司正努力追赶辉瑞的脚步,争相开发JAK治疗药物。这三家公司分别是Rigel制药、Incyte和Vertex制药公司。目前,投资者最关心的是,服用tasocitinib是否令病人的胆固醇水平提高到一定程度,从而限制可能使用该药的病人人数。在以前的研究中,tasocitinib显示出这种副作用的迹象。

  杜克大学医学院风湿病学和免疫学教授Pisetsky表示,一些病人通过使用老药缓解了病情,对于这些病人,医生并不乐意采用新的JAK药物。虽然与tasocitinib有关的胆固醇水平升高可以进行治疗,但让病人在日常治疗方案中再添加另外一只药物,医生往往采取抵触态度。

  目前,类风湿性关节炎治疗市场由3只抗TNF药物把持:辉瑞和安进生产的Enbrel;雅培生产的Humira;以及由强生和默沙东销售的Remicade。这些药物费用每年可高达2万美元,并且容易让病人受到感染。

  11月初,辉瑞针对一项为期6个月的研究公布了前3个月的研究结果。

  位于特拉华州的Incyte公司将公布对其研发药物INCB-28050所做的第二阶段的试验结果。这项试验有125名患者参与,早期试验结果显示 INCB-28050的疗效与辉瑞的tasocitinib和同类抗TNF药物相似,不过,还需要做更多的研究。Incyte正在与礼来合作。
风湿性关节炎药物研究出现极大希望
风湿性关节炎是一种常见的疾病,大约每100人中就有1人患有风湿性关节炎。所以治疗这种疾病的药物市场也很广阔,1998年,风湿性关节炎药物的国际市场为13亿美元,到了2009年则增加至130亿美元。

此前,针对风湿性关节炎的药物主要为蛋白类药物,这类药比较贵,并且必须通过注射的方式产生效果。蛋白类药物能在体内停留很长时间,这样就可能产生比较明显的副作用。加州大学圣地亚哥分校医学院的风湿病学家Gary Firestein说:“虽然每个月只需要注射一次蛋白质药物就行了,但从另外一个角度看,如果出了问题,这些药物也会在身体里停留至少一个月”。

所以制药公司开始研发新的类型的药物,这类药物由小分子构成。一开始,试验频频失败,即使某些小分子在动物身上可以看到疗效。不过,当研究人员更换了一些作用范围更广的激酶作为药物的标靶以后,研究有了很大的进展。如果抑制这类激酶,就能延缓炎症导致的疼痛以及骨骼和软骨的变形。

纽约的制药公司巨头辉瑞开发了新药tasocitinib。11月10日,研发人员公布了药物的随机双盲试验结果。600多名病人参与了试验,tasocitinib减轻了65.7%的病人的疼痛和炎症,而安慰剂组中只有26.7%的病人收到了效果。

辉瑞公司准备在2011年中期完成剩余的药物试验,并且向美国食品药品管理局提交申请。据估计,如果上市的话,tasocitinib的年销售额可能会达到每年65亿美元。

此外,特拉华州威明顿市(Wilmington, Delaware)的Incyte制药公司以及加州的Rigel制药公司也开发了它们各自的激酶抑制剂作为治疗关节炎的药物。Rigel公司的试验包括了 457名病人,试验组病人中,67%收到了疗效。而对照组病人中,只有35%出现了不同。研究结果发表在9月份的《新英格兰医学杂志》上。

辉瑞的tasocitinib和Incyte公司的药物INCB028050的目标都是一种激酶。这种激酶可以调控免疫系统蛋白质的信号,如果能够抑制这些信号,就能限制在风湿性关节炎病人身上造成炎症的自体免疫。2009年12月,Incyte公司把药物的商业权利(commercialization rights)以7亿5000万美元的价格出售给了印第安纳州的药物生产公司Eli Lilly。

虽然tasocitinib很可能会最终出现在市场上,不过它也面临着很多问题。早期的研究结果显示,tasocitinib会出现一些副作用,包括白血球细胞数量减少,增加感染的风险;以及增加体内胆固醇水平,从而给本就易患心血管病的人们带来隐患。而且,还没有一种激酶抑制剂被严格地和已有的蛋白质药物进行直接比较。

既然这些药物的目的是为了抑制自体免疫反应,那么就有可能让药物使用者的正常免疫系统减弱。斯坦福大学医学院的风湿病学家William Robinson说,虽然在已有的临床试验中 ,这些被试验的药物副作用很小,但是慢性副作用导致的致命感染案例要好几年以后才会出现。

不过无论如何,风湿性关节炎的病患们将从这些不同的治疗选择中获益。此外,关于风湿性关节炎的机理研究也在进行,不同的关节炎病人可能属于不同的关节炎类型,他们也需要不同的药物和疗法。
Virgin Market for New Bone Marrow Cancer Drug
INCY YMI ONXX

ymi vs incy

Friday, December 17, 2010

Wednesday, December 15, 2010

组合型抗癌药SGN-35取得新突破

在新的组合型抗癌药开发领域,西雅图遗传学公司和武田制药公司可能领先一步。这类组合型抗癌药的毒性要低于标准治疗药物。

由西雅图遗传学公司和武田开发的名为SGN-35的产品利用了某种抗体,该抗体可识别并连结到仅在恶性癌细胞表面发现的受体。一旦到达那里,SGN-35将释放出一种强大的化学物质auristatin。auristatin通过阻止癌细胞分裂,达到杀死它们的目的。由于SGN-35不进入血液,并远离健康组织,因此不会引发常规化疗药物所产生的副作用。

武田和西雅图遗传学公司已经对SGN-35治疗淋巴瘤的疗效开展了两项研究,也许会让SGN-35比罗氏的类似药物T-DM1提早一年获得美国监管部门批准。 RBC Capital Markets公司分析师Jason Kantor表示,如果获得批准,到2015年,SGN-35可能产生4.2亿美元的年销售收入。

只是冰山一角

西雅图遗传学公司目前还没有上市销售的产品,该公司董事长兼首席执行官Clay Siegall表示,西雅图遗传学公司计划在2011年上半年向FDA申请有条件批准SGN-35。这一申请程序将允许病人使用SGN-35,而公司则继续开展确认性研究。如果FDA做出批准决定,那么SGN-35也许会在2011年年底上市。

今年8月,FDA拒绝了全球最大的抗癌药物生产商罗氏公司及其合作伙伴Immunogen公司提出的快速审批T-DM1的申请。T-DM1是一种加强版的乳腺癌治疗药物赫赛汀(Herceptin)。

初步研究结果显示,SGN-35的治疗功效强大,这也为西雅图遗传学公司寻求获得FDA批准提供了基础。虽然批准决定将首先面向那些用其他药物无法治愈的病人,但如果SGN-35证明自己可作为一线治疗药物,最终可能会得到更加广泛的使用。

新的组合型抗癌药物由三大关键部分组成:抗体、抗癌药物及一种被称为连接器的物质,这种物质让抗体和抗癌药紧密结合在一起,使它们不会在血液中分离。

避免某些副作用

加州大学旧金山分校乳腺癌专家Hope Rugo表示,由于这种药物仅将它们的有效化学荷载传递给肿瘤,因此在给癌症病人大剂量使用的情况下,仍然可以避免发生传统化疗药物所带来的副作用。

华盛顿大学白血病专家Andrei Shustov主持开展了一项有关SGN-35的试验工作,参与这项试验的病人患上的是间变性大细胞淋巴瘤。这是一种罕见的、侵袭性的T-细胞淋巴瘤。

58名病人使用了多达16次SGN-35。在第一组30名病人中,57%产生了完整有效的治疗结果,这意味着,他们的癌细胞已经检测不到;另有30%的病人身体内的癌细胞有所减少。

Shustov说:“过去5年来,在对T-细胞淋巴瘤开展治疗的过程中,我还从没见过有药物接近于SGN-35的功效。

SGN-35还在102名患有霍奇金淋巴瘤的病人中进行试验。初步结果显示,97%的病人肿瘤缩小,83%的病人症状消失。

西雅图遗传学公司及合作伙伴还在对不同抗体-药物组合进行试验,用来治疗肾癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌等癌变。这些合作伙伴包括罗氏下属基因泰克公司、德国拜耳公司、美国Celldex Therapeutics公司、日本第一三共株式会社和Astellas Pharma公司、英国葛兰素史克公司和阿斯利康公司。

西雅图遗传学公司的实验性药物SGN-35可能不是此类药物中第一只走向市场的产品。今年6月,由惠氏开发的Mylotarg被撤离市场。研究表明,Mylotarg不会给白血病患者带来治疗好处,并可能与肝脏和肺脏并发症导致的死亡有关。

Monday, December 6, 2010

J.P. Morgan Overweight On Human Genome Sciences (HGSI)

By Roger Nachman
Created 12/06/2010

J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. has an Overweight rating and a $38 price target on Human Genome Sciences (NASDAQ: HGSI [1]).

In a note sent to clients, J.P. Morgan writes, "We believe some investors were anticipating this development given the brief 3-week window (and a holiday-shortened 3 weeks at that) between the 11/16 AdCom and the 12/9 PDUFA. This gave the FDA little time to digest the feedback from the AdCom, process additional information submitted to the agency by HGSI/GSK following
the panel, and finalize the drug's label. While not the most optimal outcome (which obviously would have been outright approval on 12/9), we believe this is the next best thing as we now believe the risk of a Complete Response Letter (which may have been inevitable without this delay and could have pushed a decision all the way into 3Q11) is far less likely, while the likelihood of a first cycle approval are significantly higher. Moreover, we suspect the removal of this overhang could prompt some investors currently on the sidelines to enter the story given the now mitigated risk into year-end. Bottom line, we are actually relieved by this development despite the modest drop in HGSI shares in initial after hours trading. We view any weakness as a very attractive opportunity."

Shares of HGSI gained 61 cents on Friday to close at $25.60.

Sunday, September 5, 2010

辉瑞终止与Celldex的脑癌药交易

美国制药巨头辉瑞公司(PFE)将退出其与Celldex Therapeutics Inc(CLDX)的一项脑癌药开发交易,因为这不是其战略重点。

  Celldex表示,将从辉瑞手中重新获得这款名为rindopepimut的候选药的全球开发及销售权。该药又名CDX-110。今年5月,Celldex公布了来自该药的一项中期试验的积极成果。

  Celldex将于11月1日重新获得这款候选药的权利。

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
辉瑞日前决定退出与Celldex共同开发脑肿瘤疫苗的协议后,Celldex股票跌至两年来的新低。该名为rindopepimut或CDX-110的疫苗不再为辉瑞的研发优势药物,其研发权再度回归Celldex。2008年辉瑞以4.4亿美元从Celldex获得CDX-110的许可权,有分析人士认为如果该药成功获批,脑肿瘤疫苗最高的年销售额将达到4.5亿美元,预计到2013年可上市。Cellex目前没有获批的药物,该疫苗为其最具前景的产品。

Tuesday, July 13, 2010

VVUS风险大, 不要赌通过

Wyeth的惨痛教训. 上市的减肥药最后不是罚的罚,撤的撤,前车之鉴啊. 如果FDA不批准VVUS的减肥药,OREX会一起掉;AVNR有可能涨,但也不能恋栈.

Thursday, July 1, 2010

Sanofi 传说要收购美国公司

Sanofi Is Said to Plan Major Acquisition in U.S. 众猜纷纭: GENZ BIIB ILMN QGEN DNDN HGSI

Dendreon重挫, 逢低吸纳

Dendreon重挫,联邦医疗保险称正在评估其医疗数据. 在$30下不妨逢低吸纳. 该机构无议价权,虽然DNDN药物昂贵,仍在法定范围内; DNDN有能力生产上市,不需要合作者.

Sunday, June 20, 2010

Tuesday, June 15, 2010

中国最具潜力中小医药生物企业



SVA23, CMED24, JGBO27, CPHI45, NKBP65

Monday, May 10, 2010

INCY估值有遗漏?

JPM has a $16 yr end target. The JPM report is quiet favorable (recent weakness a buying opportunity, usual blah, blah).

In the JPM valuation model, the main driver is the 424 program for MF. JPM assigns a 70% probability of approval, with peak sales in 2015 at $500 mn/yr. By contrast, at the Cowen conference last month, INCY mgnt gave a range of $640-940 mn/yr for MF sales.
The other driver in the JPM model is 050, which they assign a 30% probability of approval, with $1 bn in peak sales in 2020.

In JPM model, I don't see any value assigned to PV or ET. It seems to me that the probability of approval is higher, and the probable timing of approval sooner, for 424 in PV than for 050 in RA. INCY/NVS could start at phase 3 trial for PV in Q3, which would put PV about one yr behind MF. The potential market for PV/ET is about 2X that of MF, according to the company's projection at the Cowen conference. PV and ET and MF have orphan drug status.

from Yahoo Message Board

Sunday, May 9, 2010

贝克兄弟增持SGEN,VPHM

Baker Bro. Buys $7M Worth of SGEN 5/6/2010

Baker Bro. Buys $16M Worth of Viropharma and $3.9M Worth of SGEN 5/5/2010

Baker Bro. Buys $25M Worth of Viropharma 5/3/2010

Targacept reports $6.8M profit

The Business Journal of the Greater Triad Area

Targacept's big licensing and development deal with pharmaceutical giant AstraZeneca pushed the Winston-Salem biotech firm to a $6.8 million profit in the first quarter, according to an earnings announcement.

That compares to a loss of $4.7 million in the first quarter of 2009. The profit stems mainly from the recognition of $17.9 million of revenue in the quarter from the $200 million upfront payment from AstraZeneca to gain access to a drug designed to fight severe depression.

The two companies are also working together on drugs targeting other diseases including Alzheimer's, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia.

The company has a separate deal with GlaxoSmithKline for research into Parkinson's disease.

A string of research milestones and lucrative development deals has boosted Targacept's stock price from around $2.40 last July to nearly $24 as of Wednesday's market close.

Thursday, May 6, 2010

Incyte arthritis drug shows promise, triggers milestone

Thu, May 6 2010

* Mid-stage data shows drug safe and effective

* Positive data triggers $30 mln milestone from Eli Lilly

* Posts narrower-than-expected Q1 loss

May 6 (Reuters) - Biotechnology firm Incyte Corp said data from a mid-stage trial of its experimental rheumatoid arthritis treatment showed the drug was safe and effective.

The company, which also posted a narrower-than-expected quarterly loss, raised its 2010 revenue outlook to reflect a $30 million payment from Eli Lilly related to the drug INCB28050, and a $3 million milestone from Pfizer Inc for another drug program.

The three-month results from the ongoing six-month trial on 125 rheumatoid arthritis patients showed that the three doses of the drug improved the scores of certain standard measures, like ACR1 and ACR20, for the severity of the disease.

At 12 weeks of treatment with the drug, patients on ACR20, 50 and 70 had response rates of up to 60 percent, 36 percent and 16 percent, respectively, while those on a dummy drug had response rates of 32 percent, 13 percent and 3 percent, respectively.

ACR1 scores also improved rapidly at all three doses -- 4 mg, 7 mg and 10 mg.

The drug was generally well tolerated with one serious adverse event of an unrelated gastrointestinal bleed, the company said in a statement.

Net loss for the first-quarter was $35.7 million, or 30 cents a share compared with a loss of $40.0 million, or 41 cents a share, a year earlier.

Revenue rose to $17.3 million for the quarter, from $671,000 in the year-ago quarter.

Analysts on an average expected the company to post a loss of 33 cents a share, on revenue of $16.1 million, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

2010 revenue is now expected to be in a range of $99 million to $101 million, up from the prior view of $66 million to $68 million.

Shares of the Wilmington, Delaware-based company closed at $13.06 Wednesday on Nasdaq. (Reporting by Esha Dey in Bangalore)

Wednesday, May 5, 2010

UPDATE 1-InterMune shares tank on doubts of lung drug's future

Wed, May 5 2010

(Recasts; adds analysts comments, updates stock movement)

By Krishnakali Sengupta

BANAGALORE, May 5 (Reuters) - Shares of InterMune Inc crashed 78 percent after U.S. health regulators declined to approve its lung drug, raising doubts about the drug's future.

The company will have to decide whether to pursue development of the drug, pirfenidone, which would require an expensive new trial and several more years of investment, or concentrate its developmental efforts on more viable products.

Late Tuesday, InterMune said the U.S. Food and Drug Administration sought a new study to prove the drug's efficacy in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a rare, fatal condition in which the lungs suffer scarring due to unknown causes. [ID:nSGE6430LX]

"We felt that the odds of approval were favorable given there are no approved products for this deadly disease, its orphan designation ... and the FDA's body language throughout the panel meeting," analyst Aaron Reames of Wells Fargo Securities said in a note Wednesday.

An FDA advisory panel had recommended the approval of the drug in March by a 9-3 margin. [ID:nN09248590]

However, Jefferies & Co analyst Eun Yang, who had predicted an FDA denial, said it was clear from the March meeting that the regulator did not like the results of the main goal of the study.

The panel had only been 7-5 in favor of finding that InterMune's data showed "substantial evidence" of a meaningful benefit. Dissenters worried that the drug appeared to work only in certain patients and its widespread use could expose a larger population of IPF patients to "risks without benefits."

On Tuesday, InterMune said it will have a follow-up meeting with the FDA over the next 60 to 90 days to discuss what the regulator would specifically like to see in a confirmatory study.

UNCERTAIN FUTURE

Most analysts were concerned about the timing, duration, size and cost of an additional trial.

Katherine Xu of Wedbush Securities Inc said though the company would not provide much details about the new study before its meeting with the FDA, going into another study will cost the company in "tens of millions".

Lazard Capital Markets' Terence Flynn estimates the cost of another trial could exceed $75 million, but still has a "buy" on the stock, as he sees the drug eventually gaining approval in the European market.

Oppenheimer & Co analyst Brian Abrahams also sees a possible European approval for the drug, though not before the first half of 2011.

To pay for the new trial, Abrahams said InterMune will probably restructure its development agreement with Roche Holding AG on its hepatitis C drug ITMN-191.

"We estimate (a restructuring) would lower InterMune's R&D spend by approximately $17 million to 20 million annually, and also InterMune's potential future royalties on the (Hep C) drug," Abrahams, who downgraded the stock from "outperform" to "perform, said.

Given the uncertain outcome of an additional study and the related funding risk, Jefferies' Yang said it won't be surprising if the company decides to end the pirfenidone program altogether.

Yang maintained an "underperform" rating and a price target of $6 on the stock.

InterMune shares were down $35.79 at $10.65 in afternoon trade. They had earlier touched a low of $9.75 Wednesday on Nasdaq.

Analyst Xu, who cut the stock to "neutral" from "outperform said a pirfenidone suspension may force InterMune to partner on other people's product, given the company's lack of a strong pipeline.

Apart from pirfenidone and the hepatitis C drug, InterMune has next generation versions of both drugs in the pre-clinical stage. (Reporting by Krishnakali Sengupta in Bangalore; Editing by Anthony Kurian)

Dendreon Got Big OK, But Still Faces Hurdles

By PETER BENESH, INVESTOR'S BUSINESS DAILY

Posted 05/05/2010 06:20 PM ET

Regulatory approval of Dendreon's (DNDN) prostate cancer treatment, Provenge, marked a huge advance for the company and perhaps for the drug industry, but there remain plenty of caveats.


For one, some observers say a different prostate cancer treatment being developed by Denmark's Bavarian-Nordic has better prospects. Also, there's much debate about the effectiveness of Provenge's method — boosting the body's own immune system to fight cancer. Finally, recent insider trading at Dendreon may have spooked investors.

But make no mistake, approval of Provenge is a watershed event, says Michael Becker, chief executive of biopharmaceutical consulting firm MD Becker Partners. "Despite its detractors, there is something real here," he said.

Dendreon shares skyrocketed 27% on April 29, when it finally won Food and Drug Administration approval for what will be the 18-year-old company's first product, capping a long quest.

Provenge's challenges are that it's complicated and expensive. But it's also revolutionary.

It works by boosting the patient's immune system to recognize cancer as an enemy and fight back. That puts it in the category of a therapeutic vaccine, though the term "vaccine" is misleading.

Provenge neither prevents nor cures prostate cancer. It buys time. Many experts prefer to call it an immunotherapy, and there's much debate in medical circles over whether immunotherapy is the way to go in cancer treatment.

Clinical trials showed that a third of patients on Provenge lived at least three years, compared with 20% on placebo. But the median life extension was just 4.1 months.

Mark Monane, a medical doctor and analyst with Needham & Co., points to three key issues:

Can Dendreon get Provenge to the right patient at the right time? Will doctors and patients have good experiences? And can Dendreon ramp up sales the way it hopes?

He might have added a fourth. Can Dendreon face down looming competition?

Investors have mostly answered yes. The stock is up more than 150% in the past 12 months.

Still, almost unnoticed is that on the day the FDA gave Provenge the nod, the agency also gave fast-track status to Bavarian-Nordic for Prostvac. Fast-tracking gives priority to a drug to accelerate approval. Prostvac has delivered phase-two results that some say look better than results for Provenge.

The three-year survival rate appears to be the same as Provenge, but median survival is 8.5 months.

Important to note, Becker says, is that Prostvac will be off-the-shelf, while Provenge must be custom-tailored to each patient. So it looks as if Prostvac will also be cheaper.

The FDA OK'd Prostvac's fast track because the drug has shown a potential survival benefit and excellent safety record. The target patients are the same as for Provenge — men whose prostate cancer has resisted all other treatments.

The field is getting crowded. This week, BioSante Pharmaceuticals (BPAX) announced that it would revive its development of its GVAX prostate cancer vaccine. The firm had discontinued GVAX in the middle of phase-three trials in 2008. If approved, its vaccine will also be off-the-shelf and not patient-specific.

Dendreon's stock, meanwhile, fell nearly 5% Tuesday on news of heavy insider selling. Monday, key Dendreon executives, including Chief Executive Mitchell Gold, reported to the SEC that they had sold shares on April 29, the day the FDA approved Provenge, and the following day. Gold sold $28 million worth but still holds more than 224,000 shares.

The sales "don't exactly instill confidence in the commercial launch or initial success of the product," Becker said.

Seattle-based Dendreon did not respond to requests for comment.

Whether Dendreon senior executives make money selling their stock is not the big question, Monane says: "The question is, can they execute their plan?"

Monane reckons that the answer is yes. His price target for Dendreon is 62; it now trades near 52. The consensus view of 12 analysts polled by Thomson Reuters is that Dendreon will be profitable by 2012.

The company plans to supply Provenge from plants in New Jersey, Atlanta and Seal Beach, Calif. Three treatments are required, at a combined cost of $93,000. Insurers haven't weighed in yet, but Medicare is covering the treatment.

Cells are taken from patients' blood, then shipped to Dendreon. Provenge, tailored to each patient's chemistry, is added. The fortified solution goes back to the patient for infusion.

Though cumbersome and costly, it's a pioneering approach which proves that boosting the body's own immune system to fight cancer can have benefits. The hope, Monane says, is that Provenge can help fight earlier stages of prostate cancer. Trials are under way.

Becker says Provenge's approval could inspire more investment in cancer vaccine programs. Media coverage has been limited to the good news for prostate patients and for Dendreon, he said, with "little focus on what it means for the rest of the oncology industry and marketplace."

What it means is that, from now on, skeptics should stop pooh-poohing efforts to use the body's own immune system as a weapon against cancer, Becker says.

Monane agrees: "For those people who said there'll never be a cancer vaccine approved — that's so yesterday."

Saturday, May 1, 2010

Dendreon出品的抗癌新药获准上市 股价大涨15%

日前,笔者获悉:FDA证实已经批准Dendreon的Provenge (sipuleucel-T)上市申请,这种新药治疗初期前列腺癌男性病人,这些患者利用自体免疫系统对抗疾病。512位病人参与实验,证明了 Provenge具有疗效,能治疗荷尔蒙抗性的前列腺癌患者。

Dendreon一直以来都在挑战传统的放化疗治疗手段,公司希望把肿瘤免疫治疗变成一种简便有效的长期治疗手段。与放疗、化疗和手术治疗不同的是,肿瘤疫苗治疗需要激发身体的免疫系统,长期与肿瘤抗争,疫苗的长期作用可能使致命性的肿瘤疾病变成可控制的“慢性”疾病,让病人的生命得以延长,生活质量得到改善。

Dendreon的Provenge是众多肿瘤免疫新药的先行者,自然更受众人关注。Dendreon公司的共同创办人ChristopherHenney博士很有名气,他先后投资创办了多家生物技术公司,其中最著名的要数Immunex。他在2002年以110亿美元的价格将Immunex卖给了安进公司;2年前,他一手创办的ICOS制药公司也以20亿美元的价格卖给了礼来公司。Dendreon是他创始和投资的另外一家有望腾飞的生物技术企业,作为其大股东,他会不遗余力地促使它走向成功。如果Provenge能够成功获准上市,他也会按照同样的套路把公司卖给大药厂。ChristopherHenney目前还拥有Biomira公司的股份,他最近又同意出任另外一家生物技术公司——CG治疗公司的董事,这两家公司都致力于开发治疗性抗肿瘤疫苗的新药,可见ChristopherHenney这位肿瘤免疫专家对于抗肿瘤免疫制剂是多么情有独钟。

Thursday, April 29, 2010

Viropharma Updates

Lazard将Viropharma 目标价从14美元提高至17美元,评级为买入
3/22/2010

Jefferies将Viropharma 目标价从16美元提高至18美元,并维持买入评级
3/22/2010

ViroPharma 财报低於预期,股价大跌10%
4/28/2010
第1季每股盈馀0.26美元,较分析师预期的0.32美元差了0.06美元;营收年增率50.5%,为9060万美元,分析师预期9250万美元。ViroPharma提高Cinryze净销售额目标区的低档,ViroPharma预估Cinryze今年净销售额介於1.55-1.75,研发与销售丶一般丶行政费用预期介於1.25-1.4亿美元。SFAS 123R费用预估介於1000-1200万美元。

Tuesday, April 27, 2010

Highlights of 1Q 2010 conference call

Here are some highlights of today's Seattle Genetics conference call:

- All systems seem go, thus far, for NDA of SGN-35 early next year and subsequent commercialization.

- Pretty routine review of other clinical development and trials, except for this:

Results from the SGN-33 Phase 2 trial will be delayed. Results now are expected in late second quarter or early third quarter. Siegall attributes this to delays in achieving the needed 186 "events." Poster Ricarduno has defined these "events" as patient deaths, an interpretation confirmed later during this call. In other words, patients treated with SGN-33 appear to be surviving longer than expected. If so, that is good news all around.

Responding to a question, Siegall advised caution in making too much of this at the moment. Direct quote: "It is a little bit of a dangerous assumption to make. It's very hard to determine anything related to the data so far. We're double blinded in the study. (But) we're excited with the program. We think we have a potential opportunity with AML."

- The company expects to end the year with more than $265 million in cash and investments, close to the year-end 2009 total of $287.7 million. Firm now has 300 employees; they expect to grow that by 15 to 20 percent, mostly in the clinical team to support the SGN-35 NDA and in the new manufacturing and commercial operations.

Asked by an analyst if they're investing enough in the business, Siegall said: "Isn't this a wonderful question as opposed to the usual questions bio-techs get?"

Asked by another analyst (who observed that SGEN clearly has enough cash now to get SGN-35 to market) about raising additional funds through stock issues, Siegall ducked a direct response. "We intend to become an important biotechnology company, making products that affect patients who have cancer. If we have enough dollars to go forward and we don't have to refinance..." He sort of trailed off there.

- Prospects for advancing SGN-35 in second- or first-line therapies remain good. Siegall: "We're excited about bringing this drug into front-line therapy. We're bullish on that. We're excited enough to be investing in it and working on it."

- Asked about SGN-40, Siegall said they are evaluating all their clinical data and "what a drug conjugate would look like." Sounds like it's on the back burner at the moment.

FROM YAHOO MESSAGE BOARD

April 13, 2010
Seattle Genetics target raised to $15 from $12 at RBC Capital
RBC believes Seattle Genetics has a favorable risk/reward into the SGN-33 data expected in Q2. The firm upped its target and maintains an Outperform rating on the stock.

Tuesday, April 20, 2010

Seattle Genetics 将从Genentech收取950万美元款项

SeatTLe Genetics宣布,Roche Group (RHHBY)子公司Genentech, Inc.将支付950万美元,以更新特定标的独家授权,并延续与 Seattle Genetics的合作研究期间。根据协议,Genentech有权力用Seattle Genetics的ADC技术抗体,以及Genentech选择对抗目标疾病的抗体。Genentech负责研究丶产品开发丶制造与商业销售流程。

Wednesday, March 31, 2010

as of 3/31
Increased Positions: 76 | 24,604,493
Decreased Positions: 67 | 19,862,094

Friday, March 12, 2010

Ariad



Ariad股价大涨,其试验药被FDA指定为罕见病用药 2010-03-01

Ariad Pharmaceuticals(ARIA.O: 行情) 称,其治疗癌症的试验药品AP24534被美国食品药物管理局(FDA)指定为治疗慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)的罕见病用药(orphan drug),此外,亦被欧洲医药管理局(The European Medicines Agency)指定为治疗上述病症和急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)的罕见药.

该公司股价周一盘前大涨5.1%至2.67美元.

Ariad在研药治疗白血病效果好 2010-02-26

  Ariad制药公司近日对外宣称,一项早期临床实验结果显示,其在研的一种抗癌药用于晚期血癌患者之后抗癌活性显著,这些受试患者已对其他药物产生抵抗性。这个最新研究成果促使该公司的股价大幅上涨了50%。

  参加这次早期临床实验的受试者当中,有23名慢性髓性白血病(CML)患者,此前他们均采用过当今一线/二线CML药物,这些患者在实验中被分成4组,使用最高剂量的在研药进行治疗,结果显示他们当中有19人病情保持稳定,无恶化倾向,这表明了药物在控制病情方面的效果。

  Ariad计划在这项实验中共招募50名受试者,目前已招募到30人。CML与染色体异常有关,这会使患者体内的骨髓过多地并无节制地制造白细胞,最终致病。

美ARIAD公司研制成功新的抗“骨质疏松症”小分子药物 2009-11-12

 美国ARIAD制药集团近日研制成功一种新的抗“骨质疏松症”药物。这种小分子药物能够有效地防止由骨质疏松引起的骨骼崩解的发生。

  骨质疏松是一种进展缺乏症状而无性别差异的广泛性疾病,在美国,每年有一千万人患有该病。

  在8月号的《美国科学院学报》上,ARIAD公司的科学家著文称:他们在动物试验中借助于该公司独有的药物设计模型通过小分子药物抑制Src酪氨酸激酶的活性,成功地控制了“骨质疏松症”的病情。

  ARIAD公司研制的Src抑制剂是一种通过抑制再吸收而治疗骨质疏松的新型药物。该种小分子药物通过抑制Src酪氨酸激酶的活性,进而选择性地抑制破骨细胞的活性,减少了骨质的重吸收。

Wednesday, March 10, 2010

UPDATE 2-U.S. FDA panel backs InterMune lung drug

2010年 3月 10日 星期三 06:36 BJT

* FDA advisers vote 9-3 to back drug
* Final FDA decision expected by May 4
* Shares rise 63 percent after hours (Adds comments from panel member, company)

By Susan Heavey

SILVER SPRING, Md., March 9 (Reuters) - U.S. medical advisers backed InterMune Inc's (ITMN.O) experimental drug to treat lung scarring on Tuesday, saying it should be approved for patients with the rare fatal condition, and the shares rose 63 percent in after-hours trading.

In a 9-3 vote, the Food and Drug Administration's outside experts said the company's data were strong enough to support use of the drug, pirfenidone, for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

"It's not a perfect therapeutic intervention, but it helps fill the void," said panelist Dr. Michael Foggs, a Chicago-based physician.

InterMune shares rose 63 percent in after-hours trading to $38 on Tuesday after being halted during normal trading hours while the advisory panel met. The shares closed Monday at $23.30 on Nasdaq.

On March 5 after the FDA released documents related to Tuesday's meeting, InterMune's shares rose nearly 80 percent in premarket trading. The shares reached a year high of $25.37 that day. They traded at $10.48 on Nov. 27.

InterMune is seeking FDA approval of pirfenidone to help mitigate worsening lung function in patients with IPF, in which the lungs scar with no apparent cause.

Analysts have said the drug's approval could be key for the company, making it a possible takeover target.

The FDA will weigh the panel's recommendation and is expected to make a final decision by May 4. The agency usually approves drugs that win advisory panel support.

The panel was more divided over how well pirfenidone worked than over potential side effects. Members voted 7-5 that InterMune's data provided "substantial evidence" of a meaningful benefit.

Jerry Krishnan, a panelist who voted against approval, echoed others in stating that the drug appeared to work in certain patients but it was not clear who might benefit from treatment.

"I worry a little bit about potentially opening the possibility of widespread use" that could expose the larger population of IPF patients to risks without benefits, said Krishnan, a medical professor at the University of Chicago.

Panelists, including those who backed the drug, called for a patient registry to collect more data.

FDA reviewers had expressed concern that just one of InterMune's two clinical trials showed any benefit while more pirfenidone than placebo patients dropped out over possible complications. Problems seen in the study included gastrointestinal issues, liver abnormalities and rash.

The committee voted 9-3 that InterMune adequately assessed the drug's safety.

Representatives for the biotech company told the panel that pirfenidone was the only tested option for patients with IPF and that it could help improve patients' quality of life.

"Pirfenidone did not cure IPF," said Paul Noble, a medical professor at Duke University who spoke on behalf of InterMune. But, he said, it was "an important first step in IPF treatment."

Roughly 90,000 to 100,000 Americans have IPF and currently either go untreated or use risky, unapproved therapies, company officials said.

InterMune's Chief Medical Officer Steven Porter told the panel that complications were manageable by lowering the dose or stopping use of the drug.

InterMune said in a statement that it welcomed the panel vote and would work with the FDA. The company is planning a 5 p.m. teleconference to discuss the meeting.

InterMune has proposed selling the drug under the brand name Esbriet. (Reporting by Susan Heavey; Editing by Gary Hill)

Friday, March 5, 2010

InterMune新藥通过FDA审核可能性增大 股价上涨56%

【财经日报 3月5日 综合电】联邦药物监管机构在对InterMune的抗炎藥吡非尼酮(pirfenidone)的审查时措辞并不像投资者担心的那样苛刻,提升了该药物获得通过的可能性,使得该公司股价周五大幅上涨。

投资者们在发现联邦食品和药物管理局(FDA)的报告并不像预期的那样严厉后,焦虑情绪得到缓解,使其股价猛涨56%至22.82美元。

FDA在官方网站上发布的报告质疑,关于吡非尼酮对IPF(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)病人的一份正面研究和负面研究报告是否足以为其疗效提供足够证据,支持其通过审核。

然而FDA的报告并没有再提出对吡非尼酮疗效或者使用安全性的新疑问,这是出乎投资者意料的。FDA承认IPF是一种致命的疾病,目前还没有办法找到有效的治疗物。

吡非尼酮将在下周二再次由一个FDA召集的外界专家小组进行审核。

目前InterMune的股价上涨8.20美元或56.13%至22.81美元。

Wednesday, February 17, 2010

Patience will be rewarded

Dan M. asks, "What's the story with Targacept(TRGT Quote)?"

I love Targacept for its experimental depression drug TC-5214. The phase II data on TC-5214 that Targacept presented last October was phenomenal, and it led to the signing of a monster partnership with AstraZeneca in December.

TC-5214 is going to be a huge drug in the depression treatment market. The problem for a lot of investors looking at Targacept today is time -- there's too much of it between now and when AstraZeneca and Targacept plan to start the first phase III study of TC-5214 in the middle of the year.

My sense is that Targacept is viewed as being catalyst deprived, which is the kiss of death for a lot of investors who figure, 'why own a stock now if there's no trade-able event on the near horizon?'

I can understand that sentiment, but I also know that Targacept at $20 a share and an enterprise value of $500 million is a total steal based on the blockbuster potential of TC-5214. Patience will be rewarded.


Monday, January 18, 2010

2009年全球生物医药行业交易“血拼”记录

在刚刚过往的2009年,全球生物医药行业的年终交易“血拼”颇为壮观,仅仅在12月份就公布了近50个成交项目,均匀每2.4天就有一项生物医药类项目 成交,这还不包括融资项目。

  每家企业的商务拓展经理年底都忙得不可开交,律师们也不亦乐乎,开出一张张条款清单,没有任何打折优 惠的意思。

  在生物医药界,一到年底,各公司的商务经理都会做最后的拼搏,争取在年内签署相关合作开发、转让或并购协议,作为当年的 业绩。而部分原因还要回于正在最后冲刺和协调的美国医疗改革,以及人们对于不久之后将公布的新税务条款和财务会计准则等变数的担扰。

   实在,2009年12月的交易与往年相比,并没有特别惊人的记录,与2008年基本持平,与2007年的71项和2006年的68项相比则有不小的差 距。

  辉瑞五进一出挪重心

  辉瑞醉心于签约,在26项涉及大药厂的交易中,辉瑞的名字出现了6次

   与2009年第一季度签署的670亿美元并购大单不同,辉瑞这段时间签署的都是小型项目,并且带有新的偏好色彩:与Athersys签署干细胞项目,与 Compugen签署3个多肽合作开发项目,与Medicines签署技术转出协议卖出当年最看好的项目之一ApoA-I 。这些交易的题材和方式,标志着辉瑞在2009年早些时候公布的战略调整。   不过,贸易模式和开发重心的改变并不能保证未来的繁荣与稳定。十年之前,有谁会想到如今梯瓦的发展势头和雄心要大大超过大药厂的节奏和级别?大药厂最 近签单的项目大多是小项目,似乎意味着大药厂历来沉迷的重磅药心结正在退却。

  布局干细胞

  案例:辉瑞 /Athersys

  这是2009年12月21日公布的交易。辉瑞将帮助Athersys从转基因疗法转型成干细胞衍生的疗法,并提 供所需的验证性研发。根据授权协议,这家生物技术公司将获得600万美元的首付款和高达1.05亿美元的里程碑支付款。辉瑞由此获得治疗炎症性肠病 (IBD)的干细胞技术MultiStem的全球开发和贸易化权利,目前这一技术还处在临床前研究。

  MultiStem不同于胚胎 干细胞,它是从成年捐赠者的骨髓中提取细胞制成的生物制剂。

  IBD在美国、欧盟和日本等主流市场约有200万例病人,目前治疗方法 和效果有限,一些慢性IBD最后不得不进行手术治疗,而即使进行手术也并非都能治愈。

  辉瑞与Athersys的合作始于两年前。 2008年12月,辉瑞还支付给Novocell公司一笔未公然的前期用度和科研经费,换取其干细胞技术的使用权利。2009年,辉瑞又与伦敦大学合作, 开展干细胞治疗干/湿性老年黄斑变性眼病。

  剥离次要项目

  案例:辉瑞/Medicines

   2009年,很多大药厂都在调整内部的研发项目,部分在研项目将被剥离或转让,以控制风险,集中上风开发其他更重要的项目。

   Medicines公司与辉瑞签署协议,以1000万美元的首付款,从辉瑞手中获得心血管药物载脂蛋白ApoA-I的开发权,外加高达4.10亿美元的里 程碑支付款和单位数的销售提成费,公司前期支付的首付和里程碑用度只有2000万美元,到正式申报新药上市时,再支付9000万美元。这与辉瑞当年支付 12.5亿美元收购Esperion公司而获得ApoA-I所付的代价相比,实在是天壤之别。

  Medicines公司最畅销药物 Angiomax专利即将到期,不得不在其产品组合中补充新的关键产品。而辉瑞的这一产品与他们目前正在营销的产品Angiomax和Cleviprex 非常吻合。公司计划在其后期研发管道中,重点开发小分子特色药物。

  拿什么吸引大买家

  特色药和新药开发平 台是最卖得起价钱的,要么就要恰好与大药厂的转型方向一致

  青睐特色药后期项目

  案例:Incyte/礼来

   Incyte与诺华签署大单合作开发治疗骨髓纤维化的项目之后不到一个月,又得到了来自于礼来的礼包。礼来向其购买AK inhibitor的全球权利。这是一个处于早期开发阶段的小分子药物,礼来付出了9000万美元的首付款,另加6.65亿美元的潜伏里程碑支付款。此 外,Incyte公司还将获得高达20%的JAK1/JAK2抑制剂INCB28050的未来销售和后续化合物的销售提成。Incyte公司可从临床 IIb阶段开始根据不同项目和适应症选择开发权。

  上个月,诺华同意支付1.5亿美元首付款外加6000万美元里程碑支付用度,以获 得Incyte公司产品INCB18424,处于Ⅲ期临床试验的AK1/JAK2抑制剂(治疗骨髓纤维化)美国以外市场的贸易开发权。另外,Incyte 公司还可能获得超过10亿美元的潜伏里程碑支付款。

  抗体平台合作接二连三

  案例:西雅图遗传学/葛兰素史克

   葛兰素史克通过技术转让许可获得西雅图遗传学授权的专有抗体耦合技术,此举进一步证实了大制药公司对利用抗体佐剂技术进步产品的免疫特性日感爱好。葛兰 素史克将支付1200万美元的首付款,获得SeaGen公司(西雅图遗传学公司)多个抗原耦合的ADC技术的使用权。葛兰素史克将负责产品研究开发、制造 和ADC产品的商品化运作。作为回报,西雅图基因可能获得高达3.9亿美元的里程碑支付款和单位数的销售提成。两家公司没有透露具体的目标或治疗领域,癌 症的免疫疗法似乎是双方合作的关注焦点。

  这是SeaGen公司最近几周来的第三次对外合作交易。2009年11月,这家生物技术公 司公布将扩大与日本安斯泰来的子公司Agensys的合作,在2007年签署的授权协议基础上增加更多靶目标。12月15日,该公司公布了一项与日本武田 药业美国子公司千禧药业的合作协议,涉及其主导产品SGN-35(brentuximab vedotin)美国以外市场的营销权利。

   OTC尽不比处方药差

  案例:Chattem/赛诺菲安万特

  赛诺菲安万特公布出资19亿美元要约收购美国品 牌OTC厂商Chattem,这一交易将进一步帮助赛诺菲安万特实现产品经营多元化。

  Chattem公司在美国消费品和非处方药销 售市场已经是很好的品牌,并占有相当大的份额,这次收购将使赛诺菲安万特能够顺利地将手中的抗组胺处方药Allegra转变成非处方药,而不会失往很大一 块利润。同时,该协议答应Chattem公司利用赛诺菲安万特的全球网络和市场上风,将其产品在美国以外的市场,包括赛诺菲安万特十分看好的新兴市场进行 推广和销售。

  2008年,美国OTC产品的市场价值为210亿美元,大约占全球OTC市场的25%。美国OTC市场相对分散,每年 增长约4%,因此这一领域完全容纳得下一位新的玩家,赛诺菲安万特对此领域亦信心满满。

  仿制药厂钟情新药开发

   案例:梯瓦/OncoGenex

  梯瓦支付6000万美元和高达3.70亿里程碑用度,获得OncoGenex公司产品OGX- 011。这是第二代反义化合物,正预备进进Ⅲ期临床试验,梯瓦获得了该药物的全球性合作开发和贸易化的权利。

  两家公司将合作开发一 项雄心勃勃的Ⅲ期临床试验计划,其中有3项试验是针对不同的癌症种类,观察OGX-011与化疗药物联合使用的疗效。按照合同,梯瓦将承担所有的开发本 钱。假如OGX-011能得到批准上市,OncoGenex公司可以选择共同在北美促销该药物,并有资格获得特许权使用费,按销售额的百分之十几至二十五 提成。

  冷门大病仍有可为?

  与辉瑞研发重心的转向恰好相反,仍有一些大药厂执着于大病领域

   冷门1: 降血脂药

  案例:礼来/Kowa

  礼来公布,将与日本兴和株式会社(Kowa)在美国合作促销兴和 生产降胆固醇药物Livalo。

  根据双方达成的交易条款,礼来给兴和一笔前期付款,具体金额未透露,两公司将分担市场营销用度,共 同派遣销售代表,并分担其他开发本钱,目前正在进行Livalo与辉瑞的立普妥和默沙东的舒降之对比的临床试验。

  冷门2: 抗生素

  案例:阿斯利康/ Novexel /森林实验室

  阿斯利康斥资3.5亿美元,另加现金和按阶段支付的开发用 度,收购抗生素开发商Novexel,总金额高达5.05亿美元。

  但是,阿斯利康将从森林实验室得到大笔现金。总部设在巴黎的 Novexel公司的先导化合物NXL-104,是β-内酰胺酶抑制剂,用于对付革兰氏阴性菌,目前处在临床试验Ⅱ期,与森林实验室的 ceftaroline联适用药进行测试。一旦阿斯利康完成收购,森林实验室将支付阿斯利康2.1亿美元,然后把北美以外和日本的销售权利返还给阿斯利 康。森林实验室也将获得NXL-104和头孢他啶的复方制剂产品的部分权利。

  Novexel是于2004年从赛诺菲剥离出来的一家 独立公司,已获得了两轮共计1.29亿美元的风险资金支持。这次阿斯利康收购Novexel制药,公司股东获得3.5亿美元的现金支付,加上预计8000 万美元的现金,以及潜伏的7500万美元里程碑款,应该算是得到了不错的回报。

  冷门3:心衰用药

  案例:诺华 /Corthera

  另一个迹象显示,交易狂热现象发生在2009年结束前一周,诺华公布将投进1.2亿美元首付款购买加州的一家生 物技术公司Corthera,确保完全控制远景看好的心衰用药Relaxin。假如该药物终极开发成功,诺华还将支付5亿美元的里程碑款。这笔涉及6.2 亿美元的交易合同凸显诺华对其上风领域心血管疾病的浓厚爱好。由于高血压药物代文60亿美元的市场份额即将面临仿制药的竞争和吞噬,诺华特别需要 Relaxin这样处在晚期临床试验的重磅新药。业界估计,该药上市后能给诺华带来每年10亿美元的销售额。

Thursday, January 14, 2010

Targacept Insider Selling

Weekly Insider Trading Roundup January 7

Targacept, Inc. (TRGT)

$28.96M, Form4Oracle Insider Sentiment Rating – Strong Sell:

  • Debethizy J Donald, President and CEO,Director sold $5.63M, decreasing his holdings by 100%
  • Bencherif Merouane, VP, Preclinical Research sold $970.70K, decreasing his holdings by 100%
  • Dunbar Geoffrey C, VP, Clin. Dev. & Reg. Affairs sold $494.17K, decreasing his holdings by 95%

Tuesday, January 12, 2010

WATCHLIST

DNDN
INCY

多发性硬化症药品在希望中艰难前行

2009-06-17

虽然多发性硬化症治疗药物存在着未获得满足的需求,但是创新药物还必须满足更高的安全性要求,证明自己的价值,这样才能被更广阔的市场所接受。

多发性硬化症(Multiplesclerosis、MS)对患者、医生以及研究者们来说仍然是一种神秘的疾病。该领域中领先的疗法仍然是10年前问世的药品,令人眼前一亮的突破性药物那他珠单抗(Natalizumab、Tysabri)曾经让整个多发性硬化症药物市场感到不安。那么,现在处于研发线中的药物能否改善10年后的用药状况?

最近几年来,遭受多发性硬化症折磨的患者曾经一度看到了一丝曙光。2003年,生物制药企业一鼓作气,在治疗这种慢性、进展性的免疫性疾病方面取得了鼓舞人心的进展。前几年,FDA批准了5只能延缓多发性硬化症疾病进展的药物,而在此之前,尚没有一种可用来治疗该疾病的药物。随着联合用药、口服给药和一线治疗药物如单克隆抗体Tysabri的问世,这一领域的用药前景看起来更明朗一些。同时,由于引入口服药物来替代传统的生物治疗药物,患者和医生在用药选择方面将发生一些显著性的改变。

Tysabri的麻烦

美国生物基因公司(BiogenIdec)的Tysabri曾经被认为是2005年之后的10年多发性硬化症治疗领域的重大突破。在获得 FDA快速审批后,于2004年上市的Tysabri曾经被寄望能凭借良好的疗效带给人们一个惊喜,因为Tysabri在降低多发性硬化症复发方面,表现出了前所未有的疗效。作为一只具有创新机制的药物,Tysabri的用药剂量更低,副作用更少,疗效优于多发性硬化症治疗领域的标准治疗药物。人们希望Tysabri日后能成为多发性硬化症治疗领域的金标准,同时成为一枚“重磅炸弹”。

但是,由于此前参与临床试验的3位患者发生了进行性多灶性白质脑病(PML),其中两人死亡,2005年2月,美国生物基因公司被迫将 Tysabri撤市。但迫于多发性硬化症患者的压力,FDA在对Tysabri用药的风险和益处进行衡量后,限制其使用范围之后,又于2006年重返市场。目前FDA的这种决定正在接受检验。2007年7月,美国生物基因公司第一次宣布了自Tysabri重新上市后,新增的两例进行性多灶性白质脑病。这两例新增的不良事件,意味着该药物确实具有导致患者脑部感染的风险,但是考虑到全球服用Tysabri的患者超过31000人,这意味着这种不良反应发生的比例确实比此前估计的0.1%低很多。目前研究者正加紧对进行性多灶性白质脑病的发生原因及如何进一步降低疾病的发作进行研究。但是,除非获得新的突破,已加上的黑框警告已经使该药物成为多发性硬化症重要突破的希望大打折扣。但是,Tysabri确实能提高疗效和改善患者的生活质量,这就是 Tysabri仍然能留在市场的原因所在。

用药将更加谨慎

在意识到Tysabri会引起患者死亡之后,医生已经不仅在开具处方时特别谨慎,而且对药物的安全性和耐受性,以及多发性硬化症治疗药物真正的疗效更加关注。目前,多发性硬化症治疗药物的种类比2005年Tysabri上市时更少。美国生物基因公司的干扰素β-1a粉针剂(Avonex)、拜耳先灵公司的重组干扰素β-1b(Betaseron)及默克-雪兰诺公司的干扰素β1-A(Rebif)统治了β-干扰素类药物市场,占据了2007年全美多发性硬化症治疗用药中干扰素处方的69%。Avonex是其中的霸主,占据了超过三分之一的市场份额。紧随其后的是梯瓦(Teva)公司的格拉默(Glatirameracetate、Copaxone)。这是一只与 Avonex同时于1996年上市的多肽类药物。该药物解决了非干扰素类治疗药物的流感症状副作用问题。Copaxone在很长一段时间一直是干扰素市场中的老二,但是该药物一直受到必须每天自我注射的阻碍。

Tysabri的临床试验显示,使用多发性硬化症的调节药物存在着风险,尤其是与β-干扰素合用的时候。特别是在由Tysabri和 Avonex组成的复方制剂在临床试验中有三分之二的患者出现了进行性多灶性白质脑病,这一结果让人们大失所望,因此,复方制剂再也没有人提及。

减少Tysabri的使用对医生来说是一种可以理解的恐惧,尽管2008年仍出现了新的进行性多灶性白质脑病例,但是Tysabri仍将占多发性硬化症治疗药物市场份额的5%。单克隆抗体将安全过渡到2014年,而β-干扰素的市场份额在遭遇到新的多发性硬化症治疗药物的时候将会下降。

研发线中的希望

多只处于临床末期的口服药物和创新的生物制剂将为多发性硬化症治疗领域提供一种新的、改善现有用药现状的药物,或者至少是一种希望。大量的制药企业和生物技术公司正在开发新一代选择——口服药物。使用方便的重大差异,将是推动药物价值转移的原因所在,因此,患者将在这些新的作用机制中寻找疗效更好的药物。

研发过程中的延迟和失败令口服多发性硬化症治疗药上市延迟了10年。2005年,默克-雪兰诺和梯瓦的克拉屈滨(cladribine)、赛诺菲-安万特的特立氟胺(teriflunomide)这两只口服多发性硬化症治疗药物按照既定的计划将于2008年上市。但是梯瓦的注射用克拉屈滨的口服剂型被要求终止临床,而克拉屈滨、特立氟胺仍然处于临床研究阶段。据这两家公司透露,将分别于2009年和2012年提交申请。除了克拉屈滨、特立氟胺之外,最有希望的是梯瓦的Laquinimod和诺华的FTY720。所有的处于研究末期的药物都是采用与众不同的机制来降低多发性硬化症复发的比例,减少对脑造成的新的损害和减少致残的风险。

与此同时,拜耳先灵葆雅(BayerSchering)和健赞(Genzyme)正在共同开发阿仑单抗(Alemtuzumab、Campath),这是Tysabri的一种生物类似物。这时,整个生物医药业为Campath的速效和间歇治疗多发性硬化症潜在的效能而雀跃,希望该药能将多发性硬化症患者的生存周期从目前的 5年延长至20年。如果这种推断是真的,那么,Campath将是多发性硬化症治疗的里程碑药物。按照预定计划,Campath将于2013年上市。

Wednesday, January 6, 2010

敌意并购流产 友好并购频频成交

BiogenIdec公司欲以4.2亿美元敌意竞购Facet Biotech公司,颇引投资界关注。现在所有大型制药公司都缺新产品,而Facet公司的在研项目都是处于临床试验阶段的生物药和抗癌药,是个非常吸引买家的生物技术公司。但由于Biogen Idec公司出价太低,该收购未能成交。不过,最近仍有几家大公司成功收购了中小型生物医药企业和医疗器械公司。

优质资产不愁买家

BiogenIdec公司的敌意收购未能吸引到Facet Biotech公司大部分股东的认可。拒绝收购也得到了来自对冲基金Baupost集团的支持,该投资基金持有Facet公司14%的股份。

Facet公司董事会迅速聘请了财务顾问Centerview Partners,征求新一轮的收购者。Facet公司表示,不排斥Biogen Idec公司新的要约收购方案,只要收购价能明显提高,能反映公司的真实价值。

事实上,Facet公司目前有足够的现金在手,并没有到被迫出售的地步。因此,该公司董事会希望公司能卖个好价钱,给股东较好的回报。

Biogen Idec公司为什么如此钟情Facet公司?这要从该公司的发展演变及合作项目分析。

2008年年底,Facet公司从PDL生物公司分离出来,原因是部分股东对PDL生物公司极为不满,烧钱厉害却进展缓慢。分离后,PDL生物公司成了壳公司,只负责专利权的处置。Facet则成为市值4亿美元的新公司,并立即做了瘦身运动,裁减了80多名员工。此外,Falet公司对租赁场地做了调整,把没有实际用途的多余场地转租出去,节省了1000万~1200万美元。

在技术上,Facet公司具有独特的蛋白工程技术,可以改善已经上市的抗体药物,在生物仿制药开发方面有很大的发展潜力。

在自身强大的研发能力的基础,Falet公司还积极寻找新的产品和技术。2009年8月,公司花费20万美元从Trubion生物技术公司手中获得处在早期阶段的慢性淋巴细胞白血病的癌症治疗新药TRU-016,同时还投入1000万美元的股权投资,以及1.765亿美元的后期里程碑支付。

Facet公司最领先的产品是赛尼哌(daclizumab),一种治疗多发性硬化症的药物,与Biogen Idec公司合作开发,今年上半年将启动Ⅲ期临床试验。Volociximab则是处于临床Ⅰ~Ⅱ期阶段的新药,用于治疗卵巢癌和非小细胞肺癌,也是与 Biogen Idec公司合作的项目。另一个处于临床Ⅱ期的新药elotuzumab用于治疗多发性骨髓瘤,今年将启动临床Ⅱ期研究,百时美施贵宝将向其支付1500 万美元里程碑付款。PDL192则进入临床Ⅰ期,用于各种实体瘤。

有这么多的临床研究项目,并有战略合作伙伴,Facet公司当然是非常吸引投资者和大药厂的优质资产。Biogen Idec公司试图以4.2亿美元全部收购,出价确实太低了。

多起友好并购成交

让我们看看最近友好并购交易方面的动态。2009年12月上旬,默沙东宣布将购买英国的生物公司Avecia Biologics。Avecia公司拥有合同生产业务,主要通过微生物发酵生产生物技术药物。这是默沙东进军生物仿制药的战略布局之一。

目前不少传统制药企业正逐渐迈进生物技术领域。去年默沙东还设立了专门的生物技术业务部门,试图在生物仿制药方面大展宏图,主要目标是针对那些已经失去或即将失去专利保护的生物技术产品。早在2006年,默沙东就收购了GlycoFi公司,一家专长于优化大分子生物技术产品生产的生物技术公司。

半个月前,强生公司宣布将收购私人控股的医疗技术公司Acclarent,此举旨在促进耳鼻喉治疗领域,有消息称收购价格是7.85亿美元。 Acclarent公司具有非常特色的专业技术,拥有自主研发的球囊导管系统。据报道,强生公司的风险投资部门早在一年前就已开始投资Acclarent 公司。

Myriad制药公司则以股票收购的方式吞并了Javelin制药公司,从而获得了后者处在后期开发阶段的治疗手术后疼痛的新药Dyloject。这项交易的价值大约为9100万美元。Javelin制药公司的股东将持有41%的合并公司股份。此外,Javelin股东的股份有可能上升至45%,将取决于 FDA批准Dyloject的时间。

Javelin公司2009年12月初刚刚向FDA递交了Dyloject的新药上市申请,Dyloject是类固醇消炎药双氯芬酸钠的注射药物,Myriad制药公司希望利用公司的财务资源和市场经验,帮助实现该产品的商业化营销和推广。

Myriad制药公司已经支付了600万美元,用于交易前的临时经营费用,这项交易预计会在今年一季度成交。消息宣布后,Myriad制药公司股票下跌 10%,因为投资者发现该并购交易价格相当于Javelin制药公司股票溢价22%。Javelin制药公司股票去年夏天受到重挫,因为该公司的疼痛药物 Ereska在临床试验中没有达到预期目标。这次被收购或许也是Javelin制药公司无奈的选择。

在去年底罗氏解除8.6亿美元的合作协议后,西雅图遗传学公司面临急迫的资金短缺难题,因而该公司的动向备受关注。最近西雅图遗传学公司再签新约,与葛兰素史克签署了使用抗体-药物共轭技术开发多个药物的协议。葛兰素史克首付1200万美元,协议总额达4.02亿美元。

就在此前一周,武田千禧药业也与西雅图遗传学公司签署了合作协议,支付6000万美元首付,后期再支付2.3亿美元的里程碑款项,合作开发 brentuximab vedotin,一个处于临床Ⅱ期的治疗何杰金淋巴瘤的新药。

此外,西雅图遗传学公司还与日本Astellas的子公司签署了3.62亿美元的合作交易。所有这些合约将陆续产生超过10亿美元的现金收入。